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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. D. GAIRD. MANUFACTURE OF METAL BARRELS,6w. No. 473,495.

Patented Apr. '26

WITNESSES:

EMLJ

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

D. CAIRD.

MANUFACTURE OF METAL BARRELS, &c.

Patented Apr. 26, 1892..

('No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 3.

v D. GAIRD. MANUFACTURE OF METAL BARRELS, 8:0.

Patented A r. 26, 1892 INVENTORY By /u'5 allfvrwey's W.

dramas Patient @rrrca.

DAVlD CAIRD, OF ULVERSTON, ENGLAND.

MANUFACTURE Oil? METAL BARREL$,&C.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 4373,495, dated April26, 1892.

Application filed December 2, 1890. Serial No. 373.305. (N model.)

To aZZ whom, it may concern/.-

.lle it known that LDAVID CAIRD, of Ulverston,lngland,have inventedcertain new and projections can be modified.

useful Improvements in Metal Barrels, of which the following is aspeciiication.

My invention relates to barrels which are made of mctalsuch, forexample, as steel; and the improvements consist, first, in a barrel thebody part of which is rolled in one con tinuous piece, seamless, andpreferably with circumferential strengthening ribs or projections sodistributed as to give the greatest strength at the parts most subjectedto strain or wear; second, in the combination, with a body part rolledin one continuous piece, with strengtheningribs, as aforesaid, andhaving near its ends annular corrugations or analogous provisions, ofmetal hoops shrunk on the ends of such body and constructed to en gagewith such corrugations or provisions; third, in a particular mode orparticular modes of joining 'the heads to the body part and forming thechines; and, further, in various other improvements in the details, aswill be understood from the followingdescription;

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a longitudinal mid-section ofa metal barrel constructed in accordance with my invention in its mostapproved form. Figs. 2, 3, 4;, 5, and 0, respectively, illustrate someof the various ways in which the strengthening ribs or Figs. 7 to 12illustrate the preferred mode of joining the heads to the body part andformi ng the chines. Figs; 13 to 19 illustrate a somewhatdifierent modelFig. 20 shows how the body part can be depressed below the general levelof the other parts at the place where an opening is formed to receive abung or lid.

Referring first to Fig. 1, a is the body part of the barrel. This bodypart has strengthening ribs or projections I) 1;, extending round itsinternal circumference and sodistributed as to give the greateststrength at the parts most subjected to strain or wear. The position andform of these ribsor projections can obviously be very considerablyvaried, more particularly at the middle of the body part.

Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 5, already referred to,illustrate some of the manypracticable forms of the variation. The body part a, with its ribs orprojections Z) I), is made of one continuous piece of mild steel orother suitable metal, and for the purpose of manufacturing it Ipreferably take a hollow ingot or wcldless tube and roll it out-on amandrel which has indentations corresponding with the ribs to be formed.The cylinder thus rolled out and while still on the mandrel is putbetween rolls and expanded, as will be well understood, the rolls beingplain or having slight swells corresponding with the indentations of themandrel, unless it be required to form external ribs on the vessel to bemanufactured. Then if the vessel is to be of barrel form I put thecylinder as produced by the rolls into a bellyingmachine to give it therequired shape. Instead of makingthe body part from a hollow ingot orweldless tube, as above explained, I can make it from a welded tube,which I put on a mandrel and then submit to the various operations aboveexplained.

Although it is preferred for most purposes to make the body part withinternal strengthening-ribs, as illustrated in Figs. 1 to 5, it may bemade with external ribs instead thereof, or

with both internal and external ribs; and the ribs, instead of adding tothe thickness of the metal at the parts where they exist, may cousist ofcorrugations, as shown in Fig. (3, (either internal, as illustrated, orexternal,) but in this case it is desirable to roll the body partthicker at and near the middle than at and near the ends, as seen in thefigure.

c c are the barrel-heads or ends. They each consist of a metal plate,strengthened with annular and concentric channels or 001'- rugations (Z(Z, as heretofore, the number of which can obviously be varied. Theheads maybe secured to the body part a in the well-knownmannerillustrated in Figs. 7 to 2, wherein the head 0 has a rim orontturnedflange 6, Fig. 7, and the body part has a projection f, in the form of acorrugation, which engages with the angle or corner formed by I turningup the rim, the rim e lying against the projecting end part 9 of thebody a, as

seen in Fig. 7, and the projecting end 9 being of greater extent thanthe rim 6. The end g is then turned over the edge of the rim-first asshown in Fi 8, then as in Fig. 9-next the end g and rim 6 are foldedinward togetherfirst as in Fig. 10, then as in Fig. 11,

and finally as in Fig. 12, so as to bear upon the head and constitutethe chine. In the improved mode of securing the heads to the body part,as shown in Figs. 13 to 10, the rim 5 e 1s of greater'extent than theprojecting end g of the body part, as seen in Fig. 13. It is turned overthe end g-first as-shown in Fig.

14, then as in Fig. 15next the rim 6 and end 9 are folded together intothe successive forms 10 shown, respectively, in Figs. 16, 17, 18, and19,

Fig. 19 showing the final form. The heads 0 0 having been secured to thebody part a and the chines formed, as above described, I

next shrink onto each end of the barrel or vessel a hoop h, Fig. l,which is securely held in position by a corrugation ithereon engagingwith the corrugation f of the body part a.

It will be obvious that other analogous means 'of securing the hoop maybe adopted.

The openings for the introduction and Withdrawal of the contents of thebarrels or vessels can be made either in the body part a or in one ofthe heads 0, or in both the body part and head, as may be requiredforthe particular purpose for which the barrel is to be employed. Thesaid openings can be formed in any suitable way and be fitted with anysuit-.

able devices for closing thein. They can, for example, be formed asshown in Fig. 1, in 0 which a part of one of the heads is removed at theplace where the opening is required and the edge of the metal around thehole thus madeis turned in, as shown at j. This turned-in part j caneither be screw-threaded,

as shown, or be fitted with a bush, or it may be left plain, and a plugor lid kof corresponding form is fixed therein. In order to protect theplugs from injury, more particularly when they are inserted intoopenings in the 0 middle of the body part a of the barrel, the metal ofthe body part where the opening is formed can be depressed below thegeneral level of the other partas, forexample, in the manner seen inFig. 20so that the plug when 5 in place shall be below the said level.To

give a tight closure of theplugs or lids, a washer can be placed betweentheir flanges and the tops of thebushes or some part of the surroundingmetal. In any suitable part '50 of the barrel or vessel a hole may bemade for a vent-peg or for a spring-vent valve.

Barrels embodying my improvements as hereinbefore described are strongerand lighter and have greater capacity relatively to their bulk andweight than barrels of the ordinary construction.

'What I'claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is

less rolled metal and heads united to the ends thereof.

2. A barrel having a bellied body of scamless rolled metal formed withcircumferential strengthening-ribs.

3. A barrel having a bellied body of seamless rolled metal formed withcircumferential corrugations constituting strengthening-ribs.

4. A barrel having a bellied body of seamless rolled metal form ed withintegral circumferential strengthening-ribs and with metal heads unitedto the ends of said body.

5 A barrel having a bellied body of seamless rolled metal, said belliedbody being thickest in the middle and becoming gradually thinner towardthe ends.

6. In a barrel, the combination of a metal body a and metal head 0,having their edges crimped together, the end portion of the body beingcrimped inwardly and outwardly in planes overlying the head, and theflange portion of the head being erimped inwardly beneath the inwardcrimp of the body and extended upwardly, outwardly, and thencedownwardly and inwardly around the outer edge of the body portion, so asto conceal that edge and itself receive the wear.

7. Ina metal barrel or other similar vessel,

corrugation f, and having a corrugation 11, co-

inciding, with and engaging the 1atter, wl1ereby Wliensaid hook isshrunk on said body the two are locked together without the aid ofrivets, substantially as set forth.

9'. A barrel havinga body of seamless rolled metal formed with a smoothface on one side and an integral circumferential rib on the other side,consisting of a thicker portion of the metal of the body, and with headsunited to the ends of said body,

In witness whereof I have hereunto my name in the witnesses.

DAVID OAIRD.

Witnesses: I

JAMES BRYDE MGULURG, THOMAS L. WHITEHEAD.

signed, presence of two subscribing

